PHP 7
Null Coalesce
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PHP 7+
<?php
// This outputs `bar` because `$foo` is not yet defined
echo $foo ?? 'bar';
// You can also check deeply nested objects, which also
// works without errors if objects are undefined
echo $foo->b->c ?? 'baz';
// You can also set default values for iterables to skip
// over loops if variables are null, empty or undefined
foreach ($foo ?? [] as $bar) {
echo $bar;
}PHP <=5
<?php
// You must check for the existance of variables with isset()
echo isset($foo) ? $foo : 'bar';
// Each object property must be individually checked
echo (isset($foo) && isset($foo->b) && isset($foo->b->c))
? $foo->b->c
: 'baz';
// Loops can error out if variables aren't explicitly checked
if (isset($foo)) {
foreach ($foo as $bar) {
echo $bar;
}
}
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